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Nova Scotia




Nova Scotia (Latin for "New Scotland";
French, la Nouvelle-ƒcosse) is a
Canadian province and is located on
the east coast. Nova Scotia has an
area of 55,500 km2 and a population of  Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit
about 940,000 (Nova Scotians). Its     (One defends and the other conquers)
capital is Halifax.

The province's mainland is a peninsula Capital              Halifax
surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean and
includes several bays and estuaries.   Area                 12th largest
                                                            (9th lgst
Cape Breton Island, a large island to
the north-east of the Nova Scotian     Ê- Total             prov.)
mainland, is also part of the          Ê- % fresh water     55 284 km²
                                                            3,5%
province. No point in Nova Scotia is
more than 56km from the sea.           Population           Ranked 7th
                                       Ê- Total (2001)      942 700
The native population of both are      Ê- Density           17,67/km²
collectively known as the Mi'kmaq.     Admittance into
                                       Confederation
Although first visited by the English  Ê- Date              1867
explorer John Cabot in 1497, Nova      Ê- Order             1
Scotia was first settled by the        Time zone            UTC -4
Acadian French under Champlain. They
made their first capital at Fort Point Postal information   Ê
on the mouth of the LaHave River in    Postal abbreviation  NS
1604, and later moved it to Annapolis  Postal code prefix   B
Royal in 1610.                         ISO 3166-2           CA-NS
In the 1620s a group of Scots was sent Parliamentary        Ê
by Charles I to set up a colony. (The  representation
Latin name was so stated in Sir        ÊHouse seats         11
William Alexander's 1621 land grant.)  ÊSenate seats        10

However owing to the signing of a      Premier              John Hamm
peace treaty with France, the                               (P.C.)
territory was given to the French and  Lieutenant-Governor  Myra A. Freeman
the Scots ordered to abandon their
mission before their colony was              Government of Nova Scotia
properly established. The French
fortress at Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island was established to guard the
sea approaches to Quebec. This fortress was captured by American colonial
forces, then returned by the English to France, then ceded again after the
Conquest of Quebec.

The British were very concerned about how dominated the colony was by the
French and Catholic Acadians. In 1750 a large number of foreign protestants,
mostly Germans, were imported and settled along the South Shore. The colony
was still mostly Acadian, however, and the British decided to forcibly expel
the Acadians.

After the Acadian Expulsion, later and unrelated Scots emigration to Cape
Breton Island in the north of the province took place in the late 18th and
early 19th century. Scots Gaelic is still spoken there.

In 1784, the western, mainland portion of the colony was separated and
became the province of New Brunswick.

Nova Scotia was one of the four original provinces of Confederation, which
included also New Brunswick, Quebec (Lower Canada) and Ontario (Upper
Canada).

The Bluenose, which appears on the Canadian ten-cent piece (dime) was built
in Lunenburg, a town on the South Shore.

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